{"id":12850,"date":"2019-03-30T00:15:30","date_gmt":"2019-03-29T21:15:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/scripts.farmradio.fm\/sw\/?post_type=radio-resource-packs&p=12850"},"modified":"2024-04-18T15:41:52","modified_gmt":"2024-04-18T12:41:52","slug":"wakulima-hutumia-njia-za-asili-na-viatilifu-katika-kuthibiti-wadudu-wa-mahindi-magharibi-mwa-tanzania","status":"publish","type":"radio-script","link":"https:\/\/scripts.farmradio.fm\/sw\/mwongozo-wa-redio\/wakulima-hutumia-njia-za-asili-na-viatilifu-katika-kuthibiti-wadudu-wa-mahindi-magharibi-mwa-tanzania\/","title":{"rendered":"Wakulima hutumia njia za asili na viatilifu katika kuthibiti wadudu wa mahindi magharibi mwa Tanzania"},"content":{"rendered":"

MTANGAZAJI:<\/strong> Karibu katika kipindi chako cha leo cha wakulima. Leo, tutakua tukizungumza na wakulima kutoka katika wilaya ya Karagwe, mkoa wa Kagera Magharibi mwa Tanzania. Tutazungumza na wakulima wa mahindi kuhusiana na wadudu wanaoharibu ama kushambulia mahindi yao na hatua mbali mbali ambazo walizichukua katika kukabiliana na wadudu hao.<\/p>\n

(KIMYA) Ni takribani kilomita 30 kutoka Karagwe mjini kwenda katika kijiji cha Katanda kata ya Kihanga. Nilipowasili nilikutana na mama mmoja mzee mkulima mwenye umri wa miaka 58. Alitukaribisha nyumbani kwake.<\/p>\n

Nilianza kumuuliza namna wadudu walivoathiri shamba lake.<\/p>\n

JANE JOSEPH:<\/strong> Wadudu hawa ni matokeo ya mabadiliko ya tabia nchi. Ukame na joto umesababisha kuongezeka kwa wadudu. Tulilima mahindi mengi lakini mengi yaliharibiwa na kupelekea hasara kubwa.<\/p>\n

MTANGAZAJI:<\/strong> Je, ni kweli kwamba ukosefu wa mvua umesababisha wadudu hawa kuongezeka?<\/p>\n

JANE JOSEPH:<\/strong> Mara nyingi wakati kukiwa na mvua nyingi, inaua wadudu shambani. Idadi ya wadudu inapungua. Hali ya unyevunyevu inazuia wadudu kuongezeka.<\/p>\n

MTANGAZAJI:<\/strong> Unajua aina ya wadudu walioko katika shamba lako?<\/p>\n

JANE JOSEPH:<\/strong> Wanaitwa viwavijeshi. Wanakula shina la mhindi na majani ya mahindi na kujifisha katika shina.<\/p>\n

MTANGAZAJI:<\/strong> Kwa hiyo wakulima wengine wanatambua kuhusu viwavijeshi, hapa ni maelezo ya huyo mdudu. Ana kichwa cheusi na rangi iliyofifia ya umbo la Y iliyokaa juu chini, kwenye paji la uso wake. Kila pingili ya mwili wake ina alama nne unapoangalia kwa juu. Mwisho, katika pingili yake ya pili kutoka mwisho kuna vidoti vyeusi vinne ambavyo hutengeneza mraba.<\/p>\n

(KIMYA) Nilizungumza na mkulima Bw. Protas Patrice, Mwenyekiti wa kijiji cha Katanda mwenye umri wa miaka 53 na Bw. Christopher Gabriel, mkulima mwenye umri wa miaka 74. Wanaelezea namna wadudu walivyo wengi na namna wanavyokabiliana nao. Niliwauliza kwa nini hawa wadudu walitokea.<\/p>\n

(KIMYA) Kuacha ukame je, kuna kitu kingine kinachosababisha tatizo hili?<\/p>\n

CHRISTOPHER GABRIEL:<\/strong> Nafikiri wadudu kama viumbe wengine wanaishi na sisi kwa hiyo nao hua wapo tu.<\/p>\n

MTANGAZAJI:<\/strong> Ni aina gani ya wadudu unaowajua katika ardhi yako?<\/p>\n

PROTAS PATRICE:<\/strong> Nawajua kwa majina ya kilugha cha Kinyambo. Wanaitwa mtobere na kamshokweine. Hawa ni wadudu wadogo wanaotambaa na kutoboa mashina. Wamesababisha uharibifu mkubwa katika kijiji chetu Zaidi ya wakulima mia tatu wameshakata tamaa kulima mahindi.<\/p>\n

MTANGAZAJI:<\/strong> Wadudu hawa wametoka wapi?<\/p>\n

PROTAS PATRICE:<\/strong> Wanaishi kwenye udongo, na kutokana na ukame pamoja na joto kali muda mrefu, wanatoka katika ardhi kutafuta chakula.<\/p>\n

MTANGAZAJI:<\/strong> Ni mbinu gani mnayotumia katika kukabiliana na hawa wadudu?<\/p>\n

PROTAS PATRICE:<\/strong> Sijawahi kununua viatilifu kwa sababu ni gharama kubwa katika kununua. Siwezi kutumia 50,000 kununua viatilifu – na pia haitoshi kunyunyuzia shamba lote.<\/p>\n

MTANGAZAJI:<\/strong> (KIMYA) Ni takribani saa kumi alasiri na sasa nipo kata ya Nyarutuntu katika kijiji cha Nyakahanga. Bibi Catherine Kaungya anaishi mtaa wa Nyarutuntu kata ya Kihanga na amekua akilima kwa miaka yake yote. Namuliza kuhusu wadudu wanaokula mahindi yake.<\/p>\n

MTANGZAJI:<\/strong> Unadhani wadudu hawa walikuwepo kipindi cha nyuma ama wamekuja hivi karibuni?<\/p>\n

CATHERINE KAUNGYA:<\/strong> Hakuna kitu kama hicho kwamba wadudu hao wamekuja hivi karibuni. Hawa wadudu walikuwepo tangu zamani. Tulikuja kujua uwepo wao hivi karibuni na kuanza kuwapa majina.<\/p>\n

MTANGAZAJI:<\/strong> Mlikua mnapambanaje na hawa wadudu kipindi cha nyuma?<\/p>\n

CATHERINE KAUNGYA:<\/strong> Nimekuwepo kwenye kilimo takribani miaka 48. Zamani, tulikua tunang\u2019oa mahindi yaliyokua yameathirika na kuwapa wazee wa zamani. Wazee walikua wanakusanya mahindi yote yaliothirika na kutupa mbali. Katika kipindi hiki cha sherehe, tulikua hatulimi. Siku iliyofuata tulikua tunaenda shambani tukiamini kwamba mahindi yaliyobaki yatakua yamepona na wadudu.<\/p>\n

MTANGAZAJI:<\/strong> Ni njia gani unayotumia kupambana na wadudu kwa sasa?<\/p>\n

CATHERINE KAUNGYA:<\/strong> Wakulima wengi wanatumia mchanganyiko wa majivu na udongo kupambana nao. Ninakusanya majivu na kuchanganya na udongo na baada ya hapo nina nyunyizia mchanganyiko huo katika mashina.<\/p>\n

Inasaida, lakini ni ngumu kutengeneza ya kutosha kutumia katika shamba lote. Tunatumia mchanganyiko huo katika mashamba yaliyokwisha kuathirika kama njia ya kukinga wadudu hao kusambaa katika mimea ambao haija athirika.<\/p>\n

MTANGAZAJI:<\/strong> Baada ya hapo nilizungumza na mkulima mwingine anaeitwa Julie Zimulinda. Nilimuuliza kama alishawahi kutumia njia nyingine kukabiliana na wadudu kwa mfano, viatilifu.<\/p>\n

JULIE ZIMULINDA:<\/strong> Nimeshatumia viatilifu. Nimenunua kwa shilingi 3000 (sawa na dola 1.30 ya kimarekani), na kutengeneza kumiminika kwa kuweka kiasi cha maji kinachotakiwa. Halafu nikanyunyizia kwenye mahindi yaliyoathirika. Changamoto kubwa ni ukosefu wa fedha ya kutosha kununua viatilifu hivyo vinavyotosha kunyunyizia shamba zima.<\/p>\n

MTANGAZAJI:<\/strong> Nilimuliza mkulima aitwae Avit Theophil kama anadhani kua viatilifu hivyo hufanya kazi nzuri.<\/p>\n

AVIT THEOPHIL:<\/strong> Ndio. Lakini utaona wakulima wengi waliotumia viatilifu wanalalamika kwamba haiui wadudu na badala yake mahindi yanakua kama yana kutu katika mashina na matawi na yanabadilika rangi na kua meupe ama njano.<\/p>\n

MTANGAZAJI:<\/strong> Unafikiri wakulima wanajua njia sahihi ama hatua sahihi za kufuata katika kutumia viuatilifu?<\/p>\n

AVIT THEOPHIL:<\/strong> Kuna wakulima wanaojua namna ya kutumia. Wanafuata maelekezo kutoka kwa maafisa kilimo na maelekezo yaliyoandikwa katika vibandiko vya chombo au vyombo vilivyohifadhia viuatilifu hivyo. Lakini viuatilifu bado havijawa na matokeo mazuri. Watafiti wanatakiwa kutafuta namna ama dawa nyingine zitakazofanya kazi kwa uhakika.<\/p>\n

MTANGAZAJI:<\/strong> Nilikutana na mkulima mwingine aitwae Kokotuna Alfred.<\/p>\n

Unafikiri kurudia kupanda mbegu ulizotumia msimu uliopita inasababisha wadudu kuzaliana na kushambulia shamba lako?<\/p>\n

KOKUTONA ALFRED:<\/strong> Sio kweli. Tumekua tukipanda mbegu za kienyeji kwa miaka mingi sasa, na hazikua zimeathiriwa na wadudu.<\/p>\n

MTANGAZAJI:<\/strong> Baada ya hapo, nilizungumza pia na Cleophace Kanjagaile, Afisa kilimo kutoka katika wilaya ya Karagwe. Anasema kuongezeka kwa wadudu wanaoshambulia mahindi ni matokeo ya joto kali<\/p>\n

Nilimuuliza ni madhara kiasi gani husababishwa na wadudu hao.<\/p>\n

CLEOPHACE KANJAGAILE:<\/strong> Kuanzia mwaka 2016 mpaka 2018, joto liliongezeka sana. Wadudu walitaga mayai na wakazaliana sana, na waliambukiza mazao mengi mashambani matokeo yake ikawa ni njaa.<\/p>\n

MTANGAZAJI:<\/strong> Ni aina gani ya wadudu huathiri mahindi?<\/p>\n

CLEOPHACE KANJAGAILE:<\/strong> Kulikua na wadudu au buu (maggot) waliokua wanatoboa shina. Unaweza kumuua buu kwa kunyunyizia kiuatilifu katika sehemu iliyotobolewa. Lakini kuna aina nyingine ya mdudu kama viwavi ambao wanakula shina na kujiwekea uzio ndani ya shina inayopelekea dawa kutokumfikia na kumuua.<\/p>\n

MTANGAZAJI:<\/strong> Je, kuna viuatilifu vinavyoweza kuua wadudu hasa kiwavi?<\/p>\n

CLEOPHACE KANJAGAILE:<\/strong> Ndio, kuna viuatilifu katika maduka. Wanauza shilingi 14,000 mpaka 16,000 kwa lita moja (sawa na dola 6-7). Lita moja inatosha kunyunyizia heka mbili.<\/p>\n

MTANGAZAJI:<\/strong> Je madawa ya kieneyeji yanafanya kazi kwa ufanisi?<\/p>\n

CLEOPHACE KANJAGAILE:<\/strong> Wakulima wengi wanatumia mchanganyiko wa majivu na udongo kupambana na wadudu, lakini mbinu hii haina ufanisi. Inabidi wakulima watumie viuatilifu. Huuzwa kwa gharama kubwa lakini ni vya uhakika na vitamsababishia mkulima kupata mavuno mengi zaidi kwa kuzuia wadudu wasiharibu mazao yake.<\/p>\n

MTANGAZAJI:<\/strong> Je wakulima wanajua namna ya kutumia viuatilifu?<\/p>\n

CLEOPHACE KANJAGAILE:<\/strong> Wachache wanajua jinsi ya kutumia. Kuna vipindi vya redio vinavyofundisha wakulima namna bora ya kutumia viuatilifu, na ninawashauri wakulima kusikiliza kusudi waweze kujua namna bora kabisa ya katika kilimo cha mahindi.<\/p>\n

MTANGAZAJI:<\/strong> Wapendwa wasikilizaji, inaonekana kwamba wakulima wengi wanapenda kutumia njia ya kienyeji kukabiliana na wadudu waharibifu kuliko kutumia viuatilifu kutoka viwandani ambavyo hawawezi kumudu. Ni lazima tutambue kua kufanikiwa kutibu wadudu aina ya viwavijeshi, inategemea nyenzo kuu nne. Anasema kwamba ni muhimu kukumbuka mafanikio ya kutumia viuatilifu kupambana na viwavijeshi na wadudu wengine kutegemeana na sababu nne. Moja, kemikali maalumu iliyotumika. Kemikali husika inakua na matokea mazuri kulingana na wadudu ama ugonjwa husika lakini isifanye kazi kwa wadudu au magonjwa mengine. Pili, muda wa kutumia. Ni vizuri kutumia viuatilifu kuwaangamiza viwavijeshi asubuhi na mapema ama jioni kabisa. Tatu, mchanganyiko uliotumika. Wakulima mara zote wanashauriwa kufuata maelekezo kutoka katika vyombo vilivyobeba viatilifu hivyo kua ni mchanganyiko kiasi gani unapaswa kutumika. Na mwisho viuatilifu vinakua bora sana kulingana na hatua za ukuaji wa viwavijeshi kutofautina na wengine. Ni rahisi sana kumuua viwavi wadogo kuliko wakubwa.<\/p>\n

Mara nyingine, Maafisa ugani na wataalamu wengine wanakua wanawatembelea wakulima na kuwaonesha kwa vitendo namna ya kupambana na viwavijeshi na wadudu wengine. Jaribu kufanya hivi na pia pitia vipeperushi na mabango, ambayo yanaonyesha kwa vitendo namna ya kutambua na kukabiliana na viwavijeshi.<\/p>\n

Mwisho, kumbuka kwamba kukabiliana na viwavijeshi ni rahisi kama wakulima watafanya kilimo mzunguko, kupanda mahindi mapema katika msimu, na kukagua shamba ili kubaini idadi na aina ya wadudu waliopo.<\/p>\n

Asante kwa kusikiliza na kufuatilia majadiliano yetu na wakulima kuhusu wadudu wanaokula mahindi na hatua wanazochukua kukabiliana nao.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

MTANGAZAJI: Karibu katika kipindi chako cha leo cha wakulima. Leo, tutakua tukizungumza na wakulima kutoka katika wilaya ya Karagwe, mkoa wa Kagera Magharibi mwa Tanzania. Tutazungumza na wakulima wa mahindi kuhusiana na wadudu wanaoharibu ama kushambulia mahindi yao na hatua mbali mbali ambazo walizichukua katika kukabiliana na wadudu hao. (KIMYA) Ni takribani kilomita 30 kutoka…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":142,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":4,"template":"","meta":{"footnotes":"","beyondwords_generate_audio":"","beyondwords_integration_method":"","beyondwords_project_id":"","beyondwords_content_id":"","beyondwords_preview_token":"","beyondwords_player_content":"","beyondwords_player_style":"","beyondwords_language_code":"","beyondwords_language_id":"","beyondwords_title_voice_id":"","beyondwords_body_voice_id":"","beyondwords_summary_voice_id":"","beyondwords_error_message":"","beyondwords_disabled":"","beyondwords_delete_content":"","beyondwords_podcast_id":"","beyondwords_hash":"","publish_post_to_speechkit":"","speechkit_hash":"","speechkit_generate_audio":"","speechkit_project_id":"","speechkit_podcast_id":"","speechkit_error_message":"","speechkit_disabled":"","speechkit_access_key":"","speechkit_error":"","speechkit_info":"","speechkit_response":"","speechkit_retries":"","speechkit_status":"","speechkit_updated_at":"","_speechkit_link":"","_speechkit_text":""},"script-format":[517],"package":[789],"script-category":[852],"class_list":["post-12850","radio-script","type-radio-script","status-publish","hentry","script-format-mahojiano","package-789","script-category-kilimo"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nWakulima hutumia njia za asili na viatilifu katika kuthibiti wadudu wa mahindi magharibi mwa Tanzania - Farm Radio International<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/scripts.farmradio.fm\/sw\/mwongozo-wa-redio\/wakulima-hutumia-njia-za-asili-na-viatilifu-katika-kuthibiti-wadudu-wa-mahindi-magharibi-mwa-tanzania\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Wakulima hutumia njia za asili na viatilifu katika kuthibiti wadudu wa mahindi magharibi mwa Tanzania - Farm Radio International\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"MTANGAZAJI: Karibu katika kipindi chako cha leo cha wakulima. 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